Localisation bronchique révélatrice d'une maladie de Hodgkin - 17/04/08

Les localisations bronchiques de la maladie de Hodgkin sont rarement rapportées. Cette localisation la révèle de manière exceptionnelle. Le plus souvent, la présentation clinique est celle d'une compression bronchique extrinsèque.

L'endoscopie bronchique est un examen rentable pour la détection de localisations endobronchiques de la maladie de Hodgkin, souvent méconnues du fait de l'attribution des anomalies parenchymateuses à une compression médiastinale.

Afin d'en déterminer le stade avec plus de précision, nous proposons de pratiquer d'emblée une endoscopie bronchique devant une suspicion de maladie de Hodgkin dès lors que l'expression clinique ou radiologique concerne l'appareil respiratoire.

Bronchial localisation of Hodgkins disease has been described only rarely and it is exceptional as the presenting feature. More frequently the clinical presentation is extrinsic bronchial compression.

Mr B.C., 34 years old, had a past history of cured alcoholism and abuse of cannabis and buprenorphine. In February 2001 he presented with generalised pruritus, weight loss of 8 kg in one year, a 1 cm node above the right clavicle, hypereosinophilia, and CT evidence of non-obstructive mediastinal adenopathy and interstitial lesions in the right lower lobe. Five months later he was admitted to hospital with a febrile illness. The right supraclavicular node had disappeared but there was gross mediastinal adenopathy, associated with a right perihilar soft tissue mass encircling the upper, middle and lower lobe bronchi and multiple peripheral parenchymal nodules. Bronchoscopy revealed complete stenosis of the right upper lobe bronchus and bronchial histology confirmed Hodgkins disease.

Bronchoscopy is an effective investigation for the detection of endobronchial Hodgkins disease, often overlooked because parenchymal abnormalities are attributed to extrinsic compression. In order to determine the disease stage more precisely we advise immediate bronchoscopy when there is suspicion that Hodgkins disease may be the cause of clinical.